TSI services also include measurements of torsional, axial and lateral vibrations of lines of shafting, dynamic balancing of rotating machinery, and alignment corrective tasks. Acoustic analysis studies, sound pressure measurements, sound insulation measurements, impact noise measurements, sound intensity measurements, acoustic audits, reverberation time measurements, etc., are also part of TSI’s offering, and aimed at verifying whether the measured levels comply with the noise thresholds stipulated by legislation, and the specifications and requirements set out in the technical specification sheets that may govern a contract.
In addition to all this, TSI uses state-of-the-art HBK technology to measure the exterior noise generated by all types of ships, in particular, underwater radiated noise (URN) and its impact on marine fauna and ecosystems. In fact, URN has become one of the current major technological challenges of civil shipbuilding, since noise is considered a pollutant, and the industry must comply with the increasingly demanding requirements of the European Union Directives, maritime institutions, and the scientific community. Thanks to TSI and HBK technology, Spanish civil shipbuilding is now more aware of this issue. This has led to an advance in the reduction of the underwater acoustic impact in new ship construction, especially in the fleet of oceanographic vessels. This type of high-tech ship is a market niche, with Spanish shipbuilders leading the way, meeting the strictest requirements and specifications, such as ICES N°209 on underwater noise of research vessels. This, in turn, has led to TSI taking a leading role in the construction of ‘silent vessels’, becoming specialist consultants on noise and vibration for shipbuilders up to the point of assisting them to become world-class technological benchmarks.
The acoustic impact of the vessels is considered one of the factors that contributes to the state of the environment. It is increasingly important for the ship industry and regulatory bodies to have measurement procedures that allow underwater noise radiated by vessels to be calculated correctly. And it is here where HBK products play a very important role. Some international standardization bodies, such as ANSI and ISO, have developed, and keep refining procedures for civil applications to quantify the emission of underwater noise of vessels. In TSI’s technical department, HBK’s role is perfectly clear. In their own words: “TSI has been using Brüel & Kjær sound level meters since the start of our operations in 1983. They contribute great value and reliability of results in the performance of our daily work. Currently, TSI’s technical department has three sound level meters (Types 2270 and 2260), an OmniPower Sound Source Type 4292, Power Amplifier Type 2734, Sound Intensity Probe Type 3599 and three Type 8104 hydrophones, to tackle the different measurement and test campaigns that are habitually carried out in the development of newly built ship and operational projects. The use of HBK technology at TSI is paramount for our operations, and also for carrying out routine measurements, validation measurements and as phenomena research tools.”